vsftpd (Very Secure File Transport Protocol Daemon) adalah FTP server cepat dan aman di sistem Unix/Linux. FTP biasanya dipakai untuk mentransfer file dari sebuah host ke host lainnya melalui TCP. Pada artikel ini kami akan memberikan tutorial cara menginstal dan konfigurasi vsftpd di linux CentOS 6.0/6.1/6.2/6.3/6.4/6.5.
Instal vsftpd Server di CentOS 6
Jalankan perintah berikut di terminal untuk menginstal paket vsftpd.
yum install vsftpd -y
Start service vsftpd
service vsftpd start
Jalankan vsftpd pada system boot.
chkconfig vsftpd on
Konfigurasi vsftpd
Sekarang edit file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
Hapus tanda komentar dan edit baris pada file vsftpd.conf yang diberi tanda bold/lebih tebal.
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd’s
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware – allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd’s)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages – messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using “root” for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
# WARNING – changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command “SIZE /big/file” in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to LINTUT ftp service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the “-R” option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as “ncftp” and “mirror” assume
# the presence of the “-R” option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When “listen” directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
use_localtime=YES
Lalu restart service vsftpd dan coba untuk koneksi ke ftp server.
service ftpd restart
Membuat User FTP
Defaultnya, user root tidak diperbolehkan login ke ftp server untuk alasan keamanan. Sehingga kita perlu membuat user baru bernama misalnya “rasho” dengan password “lintut”.
useradd rasho passwd rasho
Koneksi ke FTP Server
ftp 192.168.1.15
Contoh outputnya:
Connected to 192.168.1.15.
220 Welcome to LINTUT ftp service.
Name (192.168.1.200:rasho): rasho
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
500 OOPS: cannot change directory:/home/rasho
Login failed.
ftp>
Mungkin Anda akan menemukan error seperti “500 OOPS: cannot change directory”. Ini karena SELinux Anda membatasi user yang login ke FTP server. Jadi mari kita update nilai boolean SELinux untuk service FTP.
setsebool -P ftp_home_dir on
Sekarang coba lagi login ke FTP server.
ftp 192.168.1.15
Connected to 192.168.1.15.
220 Welcome to LINTUT ftp service.
Name (192.168.1.15:rasho): rasho
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp>
Koneksi ke FTP Server Menggunakan FileZilla
Download dan instal software FileZilla. Buka aplikasinya dan masukkan username serta password yang sebelumnya sudah dibuat lalu klik connect.
Selesai, selamat mencoba and have a good day! 😉
